柴达木盆地第四系不成岩地层水平井钻井液技术

青海油田柴达木盆地涩北气田为第四系不成岩地层大型生物气田。该地层胶结疏松、成岩性差，地层岩性软，泥质含量高，易吸水膨胀，分散性强，严重影响井壁的稳定。钻井过程中易发生缩径、井漏及钻头泥包等复杂问题，且水平井段极易出现井壁坍塌、卡钻，起下钻抽吸等复杂情况。针对该地区地层特点，研究出了聚合物甲酸盐超低渗透钻井液。该体系主要利用聚合物的强包被性、甲酸盐的强抑制性稳定井壁，利用JYw一1在井壁岩石表面形成致密超低渗透封堵膜实现近零滤失钻井，达到安全钻井、防漏、堵漏和保护储气层的目的。现场应用结果表明，聚合物甲酸盐超低渗透钻井液具有强抑制性和封堵性能，较低固相含量和剪切稀释能力，提高了第四系不成岩地层钻井的速度，完全满足了水平井顺利钻井的要求；该体系能很好地提高井壁稳定性和岩心的渗透率恢复值，有利于保护储气层。     

甲酸盐钻井液体系在大庆开发井的推广应用

通过对甲酸盐保护储层的研究和钻井液处理剂的评价，研制出了适合大庆开发井应用的甲酸盐钻井液配方，并对该配方保护储层的能力进行了评价。甲酸盐是一种有机酸的羧酸盐，在水溶液中以Na^＋（K^＋、Cs^＋）和HCOO^-的离子存在，除了具有Na^＋、K^＋的作用外，还具有HCOO^-的独特作用。经现场应用表明，甲酸盐钻井液是一种抑制性强、稳定井壁效果好，有利于储层保护的体系；甲酸盐钻井液能够满足3200m以内勘探、开发钻井的需要，并能满足各种尺寸井眼的钻井作业要求。     

C4馏分工业应用技术研究进展

概述了国内外C4馏分化工利用现状和工业生产情况,包括利用异丁烯醚化反应生产甲基叔丁基醚、水合反应生产叔丁醇,利用1-丁烯精密精馏制1-丁烯单体及制备甲乙酮等技术。并介绍了C4烯烃芳构化、催化裂解、歧化制低碳烯烃等新技术的研究进展情况。     

大庆油田高含水期开采技术研究

为确保大庆油田进入高含水期后,延长油田稳产期所进行的一系列技术研究,这些研究成果为继续稳产做了技术上的准备。     

切屑形成过程中的声发射及其识别

本文在实验的基础上探讨了金属切削过程中切削参数对声发射(Acoustic Emission)的影响,分析了产生断续切屑、连续切屑及切屑缠绕时声发射信号在时域、幅域和频域的特性,提出在信号包络的幅域和频域中选择切屑形态的模式特征,并用基于Bayes准则的LMSE迭代算法确定的二维线性判别函数对切屑形态进行分类,得到比较满意的结果。     

Hole trapping in E-beam irradiated SiO2 films

Low energy (25 kV) electron beam irradiation of MOS capacitors is shown to produce neutral hole traps in thin ‘radiation hardened’ SiO₂ films. These traps are found in an uncharged state after irradiation and are populated by passing a small hole current, generated by avalanche breakdown of then-type silicon substrate, through the oxide. From the time dependence of the observed trapping, a capture cross-section between 1 × 10∼⁻¹³ and 1 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm² is deduced. The trap density is found to depend on the annealing conditions and incident electron beam dosage. The density of traps increases with incident electron beam exposure. Once introduced into the oxide by the radiation the traps can be removed by thermal anneals at temperatures above 500° C. Parallels between electron and hole trapping on these neutral centers are strong evidence for an amphoteric uncharged trap generated by ionizing radiation.     

Internal Stresses Adjacent to a Hole Through a Multilayer Wiring Board

The normal displacement field close to copper plated-through holes (PTH) in multilayer laminated circuit boards that is generated during thermal expansion is strongly inhomogeneous. By adhering a thin, and therefore flexible, microscope cover slip to the top surface of the laminate, Fizeau optical interference fringes can be generated between the cover slip and an adjacent optical flat and used to map the displacement field; the precise distribution of these fringes changes when the distance between the two is changed by thermally expanding or contracting the laminate. Thin plate elasticity theory applied to the cover slip permits the distribution of normal stress in the laminate to be estimated. Moving radially outwards from the centre of a PTH the normal stress is found to oscillate in sign in a highly damped manner such that the amplitude is insignificant beyond the first cycle. The largest normal stresses in the laminate are found to act at a radial distance corresponding to the outer edge of the copper surface pad. Thus, with increase of temperature, there develops a circular locus of tensile normal stress in the laminate\pad combination at a radius less than, but immediately adjacent to, the edge of the pad and a locus of normal compression in the laminate alone at a radius slightly greater than that for the outside edge of the pad. Both the tensile and compressive peaks increase at a rate of 1.6 MPa/K. With decrease of temperature the opposite holds true except that the stressing rate is lower at 0.6 MPa/K. The fact that, independent of whether the temperature is increased or decreased from room temperature, there exist annular regions of tensile stress within and normal to the plane of the laminate explains the occurrence during changes of temperature of hidden delaminations, including, in multilayer circuit boards, debonding of interlayer copper conductors. The similarity of this configuration to bolt holes in composite structures is discussed.     

利用生产测井资料确定水驱油藏产层剩余油饱和度方法

利用常规电阻率测井资料和放射性测井资料确定油田注水开发期剩余油饱和度都有一定的局限性.本文提出并较系统地阐述了利用生产测井资料确定产层剩余油饱和度的理论和方法,同时提出一种利用岩心分析的油水相对渗透率和生产动态资料确定剩余油饱和度的产水率解释模型的实用方法.油田实例分析表明,与其它确定剩余油饱和度测井方法相比较,该方法具有不受地层水矿化度影响、结果代表范围大、实用性强等特点,更适合于确定水驱油藏产层剩余油分布及对其进行动态监测.     

以井斜趋势角为指标优化防斜钻具设计

应用钻头与地层相互作用模型，综合考虑钻头和地层各向异性、钻头侧向力及钻头转角对井斜的影响，提出了“井斜趋势角”概念。针对各向同性地层，推导了“井斜趋势角”计算公式。分析表明：进行防斜钻具设计、优选钻井参数时，综合考虑侧向力、钻头转角及钻头各向异性等因素对井斜的影响是十分必要的；与“钻头侧向力最大”或“钻头转角最小”等单一指标相比，“井斜趋势角”指标考虑因素更全面、设计(或评价)结果更可靠。     

YBZW遥控变径钻井稳定器结构原理及应用研究

YBZW遥控变径钻井稳定器可实现井下稳定器外径的遥控可调,从而实现不需起下钻就可调整钻具组合的目的,满足不同钻井作业的需要,大大减少了钻井作业辅助时间,提高钻井效率,降低钻井成本.详细介绍了该稳定器的结构、工作原理及主要技术参数,给出了由其组成的常用钻具组合.